Publication: Differentiation of Sulawesi monkeys and toads was influenced by habitat fragmentation

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Title	Differentiation of Sulawesi monkeys and toads was influenced by habitat fragmentation
Authors/Editors*	Evans BJ, McGuire JA, Brown RM, Andayani N, Supriatna J
Where published*	Evolution (submitted)
How published*	Journal
Year*	2007
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Abstract	In many species, diffusion of genetic polymorphism is constrained by the margins of a patchy habitat, and this contributes to diversification of subpopulations by genetic drift. However, even when the habitat patches of multiple species overlap, differences in demographic parameters, molecular evolution, and stochastic events contribute to genealogical variation among them. Furthermore, when habitat connectivity varies over time, its impact on diversification may be difficult to discern. The Indonesian island of Sulawesi harbors a suite of endemic species whose differentiation by drift may have been amplified by habitat fragmentation. To further test this hypothesis, we have examined genetic variation of two sympatric vertebrates (monkeys and toads) using mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Phylogenetic analyses, partial correlation tests, and coalescent simulations illustrate that differentiation of these taxa is highly congruent and strongly suggestive of past habitat fragmentation. Habitat fragmentation may also have affected many other groups on this extraordinarily diverse island.